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Using a crossover design offers the advantage of a reduction in variability. In a crossover study, each participant acts as their own control, which means that all subjects undergo multiple treatments in a sequential manner. Because the same individuals are compared across different conditions, the inherent differences between subjects—such as genetics, lifestyle, and other personal variables—are accounted for. This helps minimize the variability that can arise when comparing separate groups of participants, leading to more precise estimates of treatment effects.

Reducing variability is crucial in clinical trials, as it enhances the power of the study and allows for clearer conclusions to be drawn from the data. By controlling for individual differences, researchers are better able to detect the true effect of the intervention, making crossover designs particularly effective for studies focusing on the same subjects over time with different treatments.